Happiness Isn’t Brain Surgery: Multiple Dimensions of Motivation
Presented by: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes
Executive Director, AllCEUs
Continuing Education (CE) credits can be earned on the topic of motivational enhancement at: https://allceus.com/member/cart/index/product/id/40/c/
Objectives
~ Define motivation
~ Review the concepts of motivation
~ Identify the types of motivation and ways to enhance them
What is motivation
~ Motivation is doing something to get a reward
~ Assumptions about the nature of motivation:
~ Motivation is a key to change.
~ Motivation is multidimensional.
~ Motivation is dynamic and fluctuating
~ When the going gets tough, motivation gets going
~ Motivation can be modified.
~ Additional rewards can be added to make the new behavior more rewarding, even in the face of adversity
Enhancing Motivation
~ The PIES Approach
~ Proximity: Provide intervention in the natural environment
~ Immediacy: Intervene as soon as the problem or loss of motivation is noticed.
~ Expectancy: Expect the intervention to be successful and emphasize self-efficacy.
~ Simplicity: Listen, show empathy, and demonstrate understanding works best.
Tips
~ The more types of motivation involved, the stronger the motivational force
~ Signs of decreasing motivation
~ Failure to attempt change
~ “Resistance”
~ Excuses and “yes, buts”
~ Lack of enthusiasm
~ Have client’s rate their motivation on each target behavior (not goal) each day.
~ Goal: Lose 15 pounds
~ Target behavior: Go to the gym
~ Target behavior: Drink 8 glasses of water…
Apply It
~ Goals & Target Behavior
~ Goal: Improve happiness (address depression)
~ Target Behavior: Take medication
~ Target Behavior: Walk 30 minutes
~ Target Behavior: When I feel sad, write in my journal
~ Goal: Improve Stress Management (reduce anxiety)
~ Target Behavior 1: Get adequate sleep
~ Target Behavior 2: Delegate unnecessary stressors
~ Target Behavior 3: Reduce caffeine
Types of Motivation
~ Emotional: Makes the person happy
~ Mental: Is the logical choice
~ Physical: Improves physical health, energy or reduces pain
~ Social: Improves relationship with self or others, elicits positive feedback from self and others
~ Spiritual: Is in alignment with values
~ Financial: Increases financial independence
~ Environmental: Makes the environment more comfortable
Emotional Motivation
~ Things that make the person happy
~ Decisional Balance: Identify all the reasons
~ Increase these
~ The new behavior makes the person happy (Positive reinforcement)
~ The old behavior adds distress (Negative reinforcement)
~ Decrease these
~ The old behavior makes the person happy
~ The new behavior adds distress
~ Especially useful with people who have more of a “Feeling” temperament
Mental Motivation
~ Things that the person sees as logical
~ Available information to support desired behavior
~ Decisional Balance: Identify all the reasons
~ Increase these
~ The new behavior is logical and helpful to achieving goals
~ The old behavior is unhelpful to achieving goals
~ Decrease these
~ The old behavior is logical and helpful to achieving goals
~ The new behavior is unhelpful to achieving goals
~ Especially useful with people who have a “Thinking” temperament.
Social Motivation
~ Things that increase the person’s self-esteem/self-acceptance
~ Things that increase social approval/acceptance
~ Decisional Balance: Identify all the reasons
~ Increase these
~ The new behavior increases self-acceptance/approval & other acceptance/approval
~ The old behavior is in opposition to their self-concept
~ The old behavior leads to rejection/isolation
~ Decrease these
~ The old behavior is socially rewarding
~ The new behavior does not provide self or other rewards (i.e. changing people, places, things)
Spiritual Motivation
~ Highlight ways that the new behavior is in alignment with values
~ Decisional Balance:
~ Increase these
~ Ways the new behavior is in alignment with values
~ Awareness of ways old behaviors are not in alignment with values
~ Decrease these
~ The ways the old behavior aligns with values
~ The ways the new behavior does not align with values
Financial Motivation
~ Highlight ways that the new behavior is financially beneficial
~ Decisional Balance
~ How did old behaviors reduce
~ Savings
~ Additional money
~ Redirectable funds
~ How do new behaviors increase
~ Savings
~ Additional money
~ Redirectable funds
Environmental Motivation
~ Identifying ways the new behavior will allow the person to improve their environment
~ People: Kindred spirits
~ Places: Vacation, better neighborhood, nice restaurant
~ Things: upgraded car, redecorating,
~ Decisional balance:
~ In what ways will the new behavior (Highlight)
~ Improve the environment
~ Make the environment more stressful
~ In what was does the old behavior (decrease)
~ Create a comfortable environment (What will you miss?)
~ Create an uncomfortable environment
Summary
~ Motivation is essential to behavior change
~ Motivation involves “choosing” the behavior that provides the greatest rewards for the effort.
~ Increasing motivation means enhancing rewards and reducing punishments/drawbacks.
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